Clinical Studies On The Effects of Electrolyzed-Reduced Water - Ionized Water
Ionized or electrolyzed water is known by various names:
Research Terms |
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Marketing Terms |
Electrolysis of Water |
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Ionized Water |
Electrolyzed Anode Water |
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Water Ionizer |
Alkaline or Acid Reduced Water |
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Alkaline Antioxidant Water |
Electrolyzed Ionized Water |
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Structured Water |
Alkaline Antioxidant Water |
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Prokaline Water / Kangen Water |
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Alkaline Electrolyzed Water Research |
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Anti Cancer Effect of Alkaline Reduced Water |
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Electrolyzed-reduced water scavenges active oxygen & protects DNA from oxidative damage. |
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Electrolyzed-reduced water protects against oxidative damage to DNA, RNA, and protein. |
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The mechanism of the enhanced antioxidant effects of reduced water produced by electrolysis. |
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Preservative effect of electrolyzed reduced water on pancreatic beta-cell mass in diabetic mice. |
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Use of Ionized water in hypochlorhydria, achlorhydria, reduction of high blood pressure |
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Use of Ionized water for gynecological conditions |
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Clinical Improvements obtained from the uptake of Ionized Water |
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Alkaline ionized water for abdominal complaints: Placebo controlled double blind tests |
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Physiological effects of alkaline ionized water: intestinal fermentation |
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Effects of calcium alkaline ionized water on formation and maintenance of osseous tissues |
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Reduced Water for Prevention of Disease |
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Use of Ionized water in heart disease and toxins |
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Use of Ionized water in skin disease. |
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Use of Ionized water in allergies. |
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Use of Ionized water in diabetes treatment |
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Use of Ionized water in treating Acidosis |
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Environmental electrochemistry of water
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Fluid replacement promotes optimal physical performance |
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| Acidic Electrolyzed Water Research |
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Anti microbial interventions to reduce Salmonella species on poultry |
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Treatment of Escherichia coli inoculated alfalfa sprouts with electrolyzed oxidizing water |
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Inactivation of E. coli & Listeria on plastic kitchen cutting boards by electrolyzed oxidizing water. |
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The bactericidal effects of electrolyzed oxidizing water on bacterial strains in hospital infections |
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Effect of electrolyzed water on wound healing |
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Effect of electrolyzed oxidizing water on excised burn-wounds in rats |
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Decomposition of ethylene, a flower-senescence hormone, with electrolyzed anode water. |
Alkaline Electrolyzed Water - Ionized Water
This information is sourced from various peer reviewed literature as well as various Internet sites. This information is for educational purposes only and is not meant to cure or treat any disease or illness. Consult your doctor for specialized medical advice.
Anti Cancer Effect of Alkaline Reduced Water
By the Department of Parasitology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Wonju College of Medicine , Yonsei University Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Institute of Health Science, College of Health Science, Yonsei University.
Certain minerals can produce alkaline reduced water with high pH and low oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) when dissolved in water. Alkaline reduced water showed significant anticancer effect. When B16 melanoma cells were inoculated subcutaneous and intra-peritoneally, C56BL/6 mice fed with alkaline reduced water showed tumor growth delay and the survival span was significantly lengthened. Alkaline reduced water also showed the inhibition of metastasis by reducing the numbers of B16 melanoma colonies when injected through tail vein. The amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was very reduced when fed with alkaline reduced water except for spleen, which is a major organ for immunity. Even for normal mice, alkaline reduced water intake invoked systemic cytokines, such as, Th1 (IFN- g, IL-12) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5), suggesting strong immuno-modulation effect. Both ROS scavenging effect and immuno-modulation effect might be responsible for anticancer effect of alkaline reduced water. Continue reading the full study
This information is sourced from various peer reviewed literature as well as various Internet sites. This information is for educational purposes only and is not meant to cure or treat any disease or illness. Consult your doctor for specialized medical advice.
Adequate fluid replacement helps maintain hydration and, promotes the health, safety, and optimal physical performance of individuals participating in regular physical activity.
Med Sci Sports Exercise
1996 Jan;28(1):i-vii.
American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and fluid replacement.
Convertino VA, Armstrong LE, Coyle EF, Mack GW, Sawka MN, Senay LC Jr, Sherman WM.
It is the position of the American College of Sports Medicine that adequate fluid replacement helps maintain hydration and, therefore, promotes the health, safety, and optimal physical performance of individuals participating in regular physical activity. This position statement is based on a comprehensive review and interpretation of scientific literature concerning the influence of fluid replacement on exercise performance and the risk of thermal injury associated with dehydration and hyperthermia. Based on available evidence, the American College of Sports Medicine makes the following general recommendations on the amount and composition of fluid that should be ingested in preparation for, during, and after exercise or athletic competition:
1) It is recommended that individuals consume a nutritionally balanced diet and drink adequate fluids during the 24-hr period before an event, especially during the period that includes the meal prior to exercise, to promote proper hydration before exercise or competition.
2) It is recommended that individuals drink about 500 ml (about 17 ounces) of fluid about 2 h before exercise to promote adequate hydration and allow time for excretion of excess ingested water.
3) During exercise, athletes should start drinking early and at regular intervals in an attempt to consume fluids at a rate sufficient to replace all the water lost through sweating (i.e., body weight loss), or consume the maximal amount that can be tolerated.
4) It is recommended that ingested fluids be cooler than ambient temperature [between 15 degrees and 22 degrees C (59 degrees and 72 degrees F])] and flavored to enhance palatability and promote fluid replacement. Fluids should be readily available and served in containers that allow adequate volumes to be ingested with ease and with minimal interruption of exercise.
5) Addition of proper amounts of carbohydrates and/or electrolytes to a fluid replacement solution is recommended for exercise events of duration greater than 1 h since it does not significantly impair water delivery to the body and may enhance performance. During exercise lasting less than 1 h, there is little evidence of physiological or physical performance differences between consuming a carbohydrate-electrolyte drink and plain water.
6) During intense exercise lasting longer than 1 h, it is recommended that carbohydrates be ingested at a rate of 30-60 g.h(-1) to maintain oxidation of carbohydrates and delay fatigue. This rate of carbohydrate intake can be achieved without compromising fluid delivery by drinking 600-1200 ml.h(-1) of solutions containing 4%-8% carbohydrates (g.100 ml(-1)). The carbohydrates can be sugars (glucose or sucrose) or starch (e.g., maltodextrin).
7) Inclusion of sodium (0.5-0.7 g.1(-1) of water) in the rehydration solution ingested during exercise lasting longer than 1 h is recommended since it may be advantageous in enhancing palatability, promoting fluid retention, and possibly preventing hyponatremia in certain individuals who drink excessive quantities of fluid. There is little physiological basis for the presence of sodium in n oral rehydration solution for enhancing intestinal water absorption as long as sodium is sufficiently available from the previous meal.
This information is sourced from various peer reviewed literature as well as various Internet sites. This information is for educational purposes only and is not meant to cure or treat any disease or illness. Consult your doctor for specialized medical advice.
Electrolyzed-reduced water scavenges active oxygen species and protects DNA from oxidative damage.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun.
1997 May 8;234(1):269-74.
Shirahata S, Kabayama S, Nakano M, Miura T, Kusumoto K, Gotoh M, Hayashi H, Otsubo K, Morisawa S, Katakura Y.
Institute of Cellular Regulation Technology, Graduate School of Genetic Resources Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. sirahata@grt.kyushu-u.ac.jp
Active oxygen species or free radicals are considered to cause extensive oxidative damage to biological macromolecules, which brings about a variety of diseases as well as aging. The ideal scavenger for active oxygen should be 'active hydrogen'. 'Active hydrogen' can be produced in reduced water near the cathode during electrolysis of water. Reduced water exhibits high pH, low dissolved oxygen (DO), extremely high dissolved molecular hydrogen (DH), and extremely negative redox potential (RP) values. Strongly electrolyzed-reduced water, as well as ascorbic acid, (+)-catechin and tannic acid, completely scavenged O.-2 produced by the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase (HX-XOD) system in sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). The superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity of reduced water is stable at 4 degrees C for over a month and was not lost even after neutralization, repeated freezing and melting, deflation with sonication, vigorous mixing, boiling, repeated filtration, or closed autoclaving, but was lost by opened autoclaving or by closed autoclaving in the presence of tungsten trioxide which efficiently adsorbs active atomic hydrogen. Water bubbled with hydrogen gas exhibited low DO, extremely high DH and extremely low RP values, as does reduced water, but it has no SOD-like activity. These results suggest that the SOD-like activity of reduced water is not due to the dissolved molecular hydrogen but due to the dissolved atomic hydrogen (active hydrogen). Although SOD accumulated H2O2 when added to the HX-XOD system, reduced water decreased the amount of H2O2 produced by XOD. Reduced water, as well as catalase and ascorbic acid, could directly scavenge H2O2. Reduced water suppresses single-strand breakage of DNA b active oxygen species produced by the Cu(II)-catalyzed oxidation of ascorbic acid in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that reduced water can scavenge not only O2.- and H2O2, but also 1O2 and .OH.
PMID: 9169001 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
This information is sourced from various peer reviewed literature as well as various Internet sites. This information is for educational purposes only and is not meant to cure or treat any disease or illness. Consult your doctor for specialized medical advice.
Electrolyzed-reduced water protects against oxidative damage to DNA, RNA, and protein.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol.
2006 Nov;135(2):133-44.
Lee MY, Kim YK, Ryoo KK, Lee YB, Park EJ.
Department of Genetic Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 336-600, Korea.
The generation of reactive oxygen species is thought to cause extensive oxidative damage to various biomolecules such as DNA, RNA, and protein. In this study, the preventive, suppressive, and protective effects of in vitro supplementation with electrolyzed-reduced water on H2O2-induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes were examined using a comet assay. Pre-treatment, co-treatment, and post-treatment with electrolyzed-reduced water enhanced human lymphocyte resistance to the DNA strand breaks induced by H2O2 in vitro. Moreover, electrolyzed-reduced water was much more effective than diethylpyrocarbonate-treated water in preventing total RNA degradation at 4 and 25 degrees C. In addition, electrolyzed-reduced water completely prevented the oxidative cleavage of horseradish peroxidase, as determined using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. Enhancement of the antioxidant activity of ascorbic acid dissolved in electrolyzed-reduced water was about threefold that of ascorbic acid dissolved in nonelectrolyzed deionized water, as measured by a xanthine-xanthine oxidase superoxide scavenging assay system, suggesting an inhibitory effect of electrolyzedreduced water on the oxidation of ascorbic acid.
PMID: 17159237 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]